同义句变换·根据句意改写

主要考查学生对句意的理解和用一个词或一种结构来概括上句的意思的综合能力。如：

1. Li Hua and Zhang Ming are the same age.

Li Hua is _________ _________ _________ Zhang Ming.

【答案】as old / young as。第一句的意思是“李华和张明同岁”，第二句是说“李华和张明年纪一样大”。

2. How many people live in France?

_________ _________ the population of France?

【答案】What is。第一句的意思是“法国有多少人?”第二句的意思是“法国的人口有多少?”

3. The runner fell behind the others though he did what he could.

The runner _________ to keep up with the others though he _________ his _________.

【答案】failed; tried; best。第一句意思是：虽然这名赛跑选手尽了全力，但还是落在了别人的后面。第二句的意思是：虽然这名赛跑选手尽了全力，但还是跟不上别人。

4. Before talking, he told me his name and I told him my name .

We _________ _________ _________ _________ before talking.

【答案】told each other’s names。第一句意思是：谈话前，他告诉了我他的名字，我也告诉他我的名字。第二句的意思是：谈话前，我们相互告知了对方的名字。

5. She has been away from Shanghai for over one year.

More than one year has _________ since she _________ Shanghai.

【答案】passed; left。第一句的意思是：她离开上海已经一年多了。第二句的意思是：自从她离开上海，一年多已经过去了。

6. Walk along the street, then take the third crossing on the right.

Walk down the street, then _________ _________ at the third crossing.

【答案】turn right。两句都是告知他人去某地的路线的常用语，其句意都是：沿着这条街走，然后在第三个拐弯处右转。

同义句变换·利用从句改写

即运用关系代词、关系副词或从属连词改写。如：

1. The man is talking with a lady. He gave us a talk last week.

The man _________ gave us a talk last week _________ _________ with a lady.

【答案】who / that; is talking。定语从句who / that gave us a talk last week修饰先行词the man。

2. He didn’t want to miss the first bus, so he got up early.

He got up early _________ _________ he could catch the first bus.

【答案】so that。目的状语从句so that he could catch the first bus说明动词got up early的目的。

3. “Did you sleep well last night?” David asked her.

David asked her _________ _________ _________ well last night.

【答案】if / whether she slept。直接引语转换成间接引语时，如果直接引语是一般疑问句时，连接词要用if或whether，句子保持陈述句的语序。

4. Come on, or we’ll miss the early bus.

_________ we _________ hurry, we’ll miss the early bus.

【答案】 If; don’ t。if 引导条件状语从句。句意为：如果我们还不快一点，我们就赶不上头班车了。

祈使句与条件状语从句的相互转换。

5. John will go to bed after he finished his homework.

John _________ to bed _________ he finished his homework.

【答案】didn’t; until。not…until表示“直到……才”的意思。

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